1/12 of strain at the initiation of strain hardening and about 1/120 of maxi-mum strain

1/2 of strain at the initiation of strain hardening and about 1/12 of maxi-mum strain

1/12 of strain at the initiation of strain hardening and 1/200 of maximum strain

1/24 of strain at the initiation of strain hardening and about 1/200 of maximum strain

lower and upper bounds respectively on the strength of structure

upper and lower bounds respectively on the strength of structure

lower bound on the strength of structure

upper bound on the strength of structure

linear

parabolic

constant moment for all curvatures

constant curvature for all moments

only on the ultimate stress of the material

only on the yield stress of the material

only on the geometry of the section

both on the yield stress and ultimate stress of material

equilibrium and mechanism conditions

equilibrium and plastic moment conditions

mechanism and plastic moment conditions

equilibrium condition only